الرحمن

ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ 1

The Most Merciful

عَلَّمَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ 2

Taught the Qur’ān,

خَلَقَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ 3

Created man,

عَلَّمَهُ ٱلۡبَيَانَ 4

[And] taught him eloquence.

ٱلشَّمۡسُ وَٱلۡقَمَرُ بِحُسۡبَانٖ 5

The sun and the moon [move] by precise calculation,

وَٱلنَّجۡمُ وَٱلشَّجَرُ يَسۡجُدَانِ 6

And the stars and trees prostrate.[1593]

Translation notes

[1593] They submit obediently to the laws of Allāh. See 22:18. An additional meaning of "najm" is vegetation of a kind without a trunk, stalk or stem.

وَٱلسَّمَآءَ رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ ٱلۡمِيزَانَ 7

And the heaven He raised and imposed the balance

أَلَّا تَطۡغَوۡاْ فِي ٱلۡمِيزَانِ 8

That you not transgress within the balance.

وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلۡوَزۡنَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِ وَلَا تُخۡسِرُواْ ٱلۡمِيزَانَ 9

And establish weight in justice and do not make deficient the balance.

وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَضَعَهَا لِلۡأَنَامِ 10

And the earth He laid [out] for the creatures.

فِيهَا فَٰكِهَةٞ وَٱلنَّخۡلُ ذَاتُ ٱلۡأَكۡمَامِ 11

Therein is fruit and palm trees having sheaths [of dates]

وَٱلۡحَبُّ ذُو ٱلۡعَصۡفِ وَٱلرَّيۡحَانُ 12

And grain having husks and scented plants.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 13

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?[1594]

Translation notes

[1594] Literally, "you two," addressing the species of mankind and jinn.

خَلَقَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ مِن صَلۡصَٰلٖ كَٱلۡفَخَّارِ 14

He created man from clay like [that of] pottery.

وَخَلَقَ ٱلۡجَآنَّ مِن مَّارِجٖ مِّن نَّارٖ 15

And He created the jinn from a smokeless flame of fire.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 16

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

رَبُّ ٱلۡمَشۡرِقَيۡنِ وَرَبُّ ٱلۡمَغۡرِبَيۡنِ 17

[He is] Lord of the two sunrises and Lord of the two sunsets.[1595]

Translation notes

[1595] i.e., the points of sunrise in the east and sunset in the west in both summer and winter.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 18

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

مَرَجَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَيۡنِ يَلۡتَقِيَانِ 19

He released the two seas,[1596] meeting [one another];

Translation notes

[1596] Two bodies of water or two sea waters of distinct characteristics.

بَيۡنَهُمَا بَرۡزَخٞ لَّا يَبۡغِيَانِ 20

Between them is a barrier so neither of them transgresses.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 21

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡهُمَا ٱللُّؤۡلُؤُ وَٱلۡمَرۡجَانُ 22

From both of them emerge pearl and coral.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 23

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

وَلَهُ ٱلۡجَوَارِ ٱلۡمُنشَـَٔاتُ فِي ٱلۡبَحۡرِ كَٱلۡأَعۡلَٰمِ 24

And to Him belong the ships [with sails] elevated in the sea like mountains.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 25

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

كُلُّ مَنۡ عَلَيۡهَا فَانٖ 26

Everyone upon it [i.e., the earth] will perish,

وَيَبۡقَىٰ وَجۡهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو ٱلۡجَلَٰلِ وَٱلۡإِكۡرَامِ 27

And there will remain the Face[1597] of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor.

Translation notes

[1597] See footnote to 2:19.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 28

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

يَسۡـَٔلُهُۥ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ كُلَّ يَوۡمٍ هُوَ فِي شَأۡنٖ 29

Whoever is within the heavens and earth asks Him; every day He is in [i.e., bringing about] a matter.[1598]

Translation notes

[1598] For each of His creatures.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 30

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

سَنَفۡرُغُ لَكُمۡ أَيُّهَ ٱلثَّقَلَانِ 31

We will attend to you, O prominent beings.[1599]

Translation notes

[1599] Specifically two: mankind and jinn.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 32

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

يَٰمَعۡشَرَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ إِنِ ٱسۡتَطَعۡتُمۡ أَن تَنفُذُواْ مِنۡ أَقۡطَارِ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنفُذُواْۚ لَا تَنفُذُونَ إِلَّا بِسُلۡطَٰنٖ 33

O company of jinn and mankind, if you are able to pass beyond the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass. You will not pass except by authority [from Allāh].

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 34

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

يُرۡسَلُ عَلَيۡكُمَا شُوَاظٞ مِّن نَّارٖ وَنُحَاسٞ فَلَا تَنتَصِرَانِ 35

There will be sent upon you a flame of fire and smoke,[1600] and you will not defend yourselves.

Translation notes

[1600] Another possible meaning is liquefied brass or copper.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 36

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فَإِذَا ٱنشَقَّتِ ٱلسَّمَآءُ فَكَانَتۡ وَرۡدَةٗ كَٱلدِّهَانِ 37

And when the heaven is split open and becomes rose-colored like oil[1601] -

Translation notes

[1601] Or "like a tanned skin."

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 38

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

فَيَوۡمَئِذٖ لَّا يُسۡـَٔلُ عَن ذَنۢبِهِۦٓ إِنسٞ وَلَا جَآنّٞ 39

Then on that Day none will be asked about his sin among men or jinn.[1602]

Translation notes

[1602] Once they have been condemned to the Fire.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 40

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

يُعۡرَفُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ بِسِيمَٰهُمۡ فَيُؤۡخَذُ بِٱلنَّوَٰصِي وَٱلۡأَقۡدَامِ 41

The criminals will be known by their marks, and they will be seized by the forelocks and the feet.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 42

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

هَٰذِهِۦ جَهَنَّمُ ٱلَّتِي يُكَذِّبُ بِهَا ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ 43

This is Hell, which the criminals deny.

يَطُوفُونَ بَيۡنَهَا وَبَيۡنَ حَمِيمٍ ءَانٖ 44

They will circulate between it and scalding water, heated [to the utmost degree].

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 45

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

وَلِمَنۡ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ جَنَّتَانِ 46

But for he who has feared the position of his Lord[1603] are two gardens -

Translation notes

[1603] An alternative meaning is "the standing [for account] before his Lord."

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 47

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

ذَوَاتَآ أَفۡنَانٖ 48

Having [spreading] branches.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 49

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فِيهِمَا عَيۡنَانِ تَجۡرِيَانِ 50

In both of them are two springs, flowing.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 51

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فِيهِمَا مِن كُلِّ فَٰكِهَةٖ زَوۡجَانِ 52

In both of them are of every fruit, two kinds.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 53

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ فُرُشِۭ بَطَآئِنُهَا مِنۡ إِسۡتَبۡرَقٖۚ وَجَنَى ٱلۡجَنَّتَيۡنِ دَانٖ 54

[They are] reclining on beds whose linings are of silk brocade, and the fruit of the two gardens is hanging low.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 55

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فِيهِنَّ قَٰصِرَٰتُ ٱلطَّرۡفِ لَمۡ يَطۡمِثۡهُنَّ إِنسٞ قَبۡلَهُمۡ وَلَا جَآنّٞ 56

In them are women limiting [their] glances,[1604] untouched[1605] before them by man or jinnī -

Translation notes

[1604] To their own mates, i.e., being chaste and modest.
[1605] Literally, they have not been caused to bleed by loss of virginity.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 57

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

كَأَنَّهُنَّ ٱلۡيَاقُوتُ وَٱلۡمَرۡجَانُ 58

As if they were rubies and coral.[1606]

Translation notes

[1606] In purity, color and beauty.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 59

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

هَلۡ جَزَآءُ ٱلۡإِحۡسَٰنِ إِلَّا ٱلۡإِحۡسَٰنُ 60

Is the reward for good [anything] but good?

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 61

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

وَمِن دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ 62

And below them both [in excellence] are two [other] gardens -

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 63

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

مُدۡهَآمَّتَانِ 64

Dark green [in color].

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 65

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فِيهِمَا عَيۡنَانِ نَضَّاخَتَانِ 66

In both of them are two springs, spouting.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 67

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فِيهِمَا فَٰكِهَةٞ وَنَخۡلٞ وَرُمَّانٞ 68

In both of them are fruit and palm trees and pomegranates.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 69

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

فِيهِنَّ خَيۡرَٰتٌ حِسَانٞ 70

In them are good and beautiful women -

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 71

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

حُورٞ مَّقۡصُورَٰتٞ فِي ٱلۡخِيَامِ 72

Fair ones reserved in pavilions -

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 73

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

لَمۡ يَطۡمِثۡهُنَّ إِنسٞ قَبۡلَهُمۡ وَلَا جَآنّٞ 74

Untouched before them by man or jinnī -

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 75

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny? -

مُتَّكِـِٔينَ عَلَىٰ رَفۡرَفٍ خُضۡرٖ وَعَبۡقَرِيٍّ حِسَانٖ 76

Reclining on green cushions and beautiful fine carpets.

فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ 77

So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?

تَبَٰرَكَ ٱسۡمُ رَبِّكَ ذِي ٱلۡجَلَٰلِ وَٱلۡإِكۡرَامِ 78

Blessed is the name of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor.